Born Then
1980–2015

Life during the One-child policy

Be born in a place it hit, a few years before it began, and see what it did to five ordinary lives.

What it meant for ordinary people

From 1980 most urban Chinese couples were limited to one child, with fines, job loss and, in many places, forced abortions and sterilisations. Fertility, already falling, dropped below two children per woman, and the sex ratio at birth skewed heavily toward boys.

How hard it hits each person in the game (risk of death, of being conscripted, of leaving) comes from our model, estimated from the sources.

Around the same time